Provides a noninvasive, translatable biomarker signature that could be used to enrich and stratify prodromal PD cohorts for early intervention trials and longitudinal therapeutic evaluation, though it does not yet reveal targetable disease mechanisms.

Provides clinically actionable insight for DBS target selection and a candidate imaging biomarker in visual networks that may help predict and optimize motor outcomes, offering moderate translational value though not addressing disease-modifying mechanisms.

By implicating persistent intrinsic motoneuron changes and PICs that are insensitive to dopamine replacement, the work points to non-dopaminergic targets (ion channels, alternate monoaminergic systems) and electrophysiologic biomarkers that could be exploited for therapeutic discovery.

Although it does not address molecular mechanisms or interventions, the method has moderate translational value by potentially improving PD biomarker detection, patient stratification, and cross-modal neuroimaging analyses for clinical studies and trial endpoints.

Identifies validated fMRI-derived features and analytic approaches that could become objective biomarkers to standardize and personalize DBS programming and to track network-level effects relevant for therapeutic optimization in Parkinson's disease.

This noninvasive, rapid, low-cost imaging biomarker could provide an objective tool for diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring to improve patient stratification and endpoint sensitivity in clinical studies, although findings are preliminary given the small sample and lack of mechanistic linkage to…

This approach improves sensitivity and interpretability for PD trial analyses and risk-factor detection—helpful for trial design, endpoint selection, and translational prioritization—even though it does not identify biological mechanisms or direct therapeutic targets.

Delivers an objective, automated bradykinesia measurement that could standardize assessments and improve outcome measures and monitoring in clinical trials and care, but requires larger validation for therapeutic decision-making.

Validating an affordable, clinic-ready biomarker that is more sensitive to early and cognitively-challenged gait deficits could improve early detection, patient stratification, monitoring of progression, and outcome measurement in PD therapeutic trials.

Provides clinically relevant evidence that infrathalamic ablation can be a durable, relatively safe alternative to DBS in selected patients or low-resource settings, but offers little mechanistic or biomarker insight for pharmacologic therapeutic discovery.

Offers a noninvasive, quantitative network-level biomarker for gait motor control and DBS response that could be used to monitor treatment efficacy or as an objective endpoint in clinical studies, though it provides limited new mechanistic or target-discovery insight.

Highlights chaperone-based mechanisms (including the PD-linked DJ-1 and mitoprotection) that suggest actionable targets for modulating proteostasis, but remains a conceptual review with limited new experimental or translational data.

Provides a minimally perturbing in vivo method to measure biologically active endocannabinoids and highlights AEA as a candidate early PD biomarker, supporting translational biomarker development though it offers limited immediate therapeutic mechanistic insight.

Although HD-focused, the paper provides circuit-level biomarkers, pallidal subregion mapping, and DBS-targeting insights that are translatable to Parkinson's therapeutics for improving stimulation strategies and monitoring motor-state biomarkers.

This supports blood-based epigenetic clocks as candidate biomarkers for monitoring tremor progression and for patient stratification in trials, providing translational value despite limited direct mechanistic or therapeutic targets.

The work highlights circuit-level drivers (cortex–thalamus coupling, STN–GPe loop strength, connection delays, and PPN dynamics) that are actionable targets for neuromodulation or DBS parameter optimization and generates testable quantitative hypotheses, but it lacks molecular mechanisms and in…

Identifies a noninvasive, high-temporal-resolution biomarker of large-scale network imbalance that can help stratify patients, monitor hallucinatory risk, and inform network-targeted interventions (e.g., neuromodulation) though it lacks direct molecular or therapeutic mechanisms.

The work offers objective, noninvasive biomechanical biomarkers and a proof-of-concept ML screening tool that could aid earlier detection and functional monitoring of PD, though it does not provide molecular targets or direct therapeutic interventions.

Supports real-world symptomatic efficacy and tolerability of opicapone as a levodopa adjunct—useful for clinical practice and therapeutic positioning but offering limited mechanistic or novel discovery insights for Parkinson's drug development.

This identifies nOH as a clinically assessable prognostic biomarker that could help stratify PD patients for cognitive-risk, monitoring, and trials and suggests autonomic/cerebral-perfusion pathways as potential but currently underexplored therapeutic targets.