A clinicopathological study of gonadal tumors in differences in sex development: Experience from a tertiary care centre.
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BACKGROUND: A wide spectrum of tumors can arise in the background of Differences in Sex Development (DSD) with variable frequency depending upon the type of DSD. DSD associated tumors show a very wide range of prevalence. Our aim was to study the clinicopathological spectrum of tumors arising in the setting of DSD in our population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed all the cases of DSD over a span of 5 years in our center. We then selected only the cases with tumors. Clinical, hormonal, cytogenetic, and histological profiles of these cases were reviewed. RESULTS: We had a total of 98 cases of DSD. Nineteen cases of tumors with DSD were retrieved from our records with a prevalence of 19.4%. The commonest tumor associated with DSD was gonadoblastoma (63.16%). Other tumors were germinoma, testicular adrenal rest tumor, Leydig cell tumor, and Sertoli cell nodule. CONCLUSIONS: All cases of gonadal biopsy in DSD should be looked at meticulously to rule out any premalignant, in situ or invasive malignant changes for proper risk stratification and adoption of subsequent appropriate treatment strategies. In our setting, the commonest tumor associated with DSD was gonadoblastoma.