Retroperitoneal myxoid liposarcoma in a 3.5-year-old Afghan child: a case report and review of the literature.
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Myxoid liposarcoma is a malignant soft tissue sarcoma of adipocytic origin that predominantly affects adolescents and young adults. It is exceptionally rare in early childhood, with very few reported cases in children under the age of five. We present a rare case of a 3.5-year-old male child who was admitted to our emergency unit with a large abdominal mass. The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy with complete excision of the mass, achieving negative surgical margins. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of well-differentiated myxoid liposarcoma. The patient subsequently received six cycles of postoperative cyclophosphamide chemotherapy, administered at 20-day intervals. Follow-up tomography scan confirmed a favorable outcome with no evidence of recurrence.