[Analysis of the Diagnostic Value of Serum SDF-1 and sIL-2R for Infection in Patients with Acute Leukemia].
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic value of serum stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels for infection in patients with acute leukemia. METHODS: A total of 91 patients with acute leukemia complicated with infection admitted to our hospital from May 2022 to May 2024 were selected as the infected group, which was further divided into two subgroups according to the severity of infection: 63 cases in the non-severe infection subgroup and 28 cases in the sepsis subgroup. During the same period, 91 patients with acute leukemia without infection were selected as the uninfected group, and another 91 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the serum levels of SDF-1 and sIL-2R in the subjects. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the influencing factors of infection in patients with acute leukemia. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum SDF-1 and sIL-2R levels for infection in patients with acute leukemia. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the serum levels of SDF-1, sIL-2R, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) in the uninfected group and infected group were significantly higher (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the serum levels of these four indicators in the infected group were significantly higher than those in the uninfected group (P < 0.001), and those in the sepsis subgroup were significantly higher than those in the non-severe infection subgroup (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elevated levels of CRP, PCT, SDF-1, and sIL-2R were all independent risk factors for infection in acute leukemia patients (P < 0.05), while elevated levels of hemoglobin, platelets, and albumin were protective factors (P < 0.05). The ROC curves indicated that the combined detection of serum SDF-1 and sIL-2R levels for diagnosing infection in acute leukemia patients had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.891, which was significantly higher than that of SDF-1 (Z=2.619, P=0.009) and sIL-2R (Z=2.279, P=0.023) alone. CONCLUSION: Serum levels of SDF-1 and sIL-2R are elevated in patients with acute leukemia complicated with infection, and the combination of the two biomarkers shows superior diagnostic value for identifying such infections.