Prognostic factors of undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver in children: a SEER-based study.
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BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and identify prognostic variables affecting overall survival (OS) in children with undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL) using data from the SEER database. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 101 patients aged ≤19 years diagnosed with UESL between 2000 and 2022 from the SEER database. Kaplan - Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were applied to determine independent prognostic factors. A nomogram was constructed based on significant predictors. RESULTS: Tumor size, surgical resection, and chemotherapy emerged as independent prognostic factors. Patients with tumors larger than 15 cm had a markedly increased risk of mortality. Surgical resection and chemotherapy were associated with improved survival outcomes. A nomogram incorporating these factors was developed to predict OS. Larger tumor size was linked to higher mortality, whereas chemotherapy significantly reduced death risk. CONCLUSIONS: Tumor size, surgery, and chemotherapy are crucial determinants of survival in pediatric UESL. Surgical intervention combined with chemotherapy appears essential for improving prognosis. Further external validation is warranted to refine treatment strategies.