Excess cancer incidence and mortality among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a population-based study in New Zealand.
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AIM: This study aims to investigate the cancer incidence and mortality among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in New Zealand. METHODS: SLE patients were linked to the New Zealand Cancer Registry to identify cancer cases. The cancer incidence rate and cancer mortality rate among SLE patients in 2010-2021 were age-standardised to the general population. The estimations were stratified by cancer site, sex, ethnicity and age group. RESULTS: Among 2,656 SLE patients, 240 new cancer cases were identified, including 187 women and 53 men. Haematologic cancers accounted for 20% of cancer cases identified. The relative risk of cancer incidence for SLE patients compared to the general population was 1.48 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28-1.71) for women and 2.08 (95% CI 1.59-2.73) for men. The relative risk of cancer death for SLE patients compared to the general population was 1.75 (95% CI 1.40-2.19) for women and 2.27 (95% CI 1.49-3.44) for men. Younger patients had greater relative risks of cancer incidence and cancer mortality than older patients. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with SLE in New Zealand experience a higher cancer burden compared to the general population, with greater disparity among younger patients and male patients. Haematologic cancers were especially prevalent among SLE patients.