A grade PMID 42321916
View analysis →Finding therapies hidden in 38,964 pediatric cancer papers.
Neurocompute scores pediatric oncology literature, surfaces overlooked therapeutic signals, and turns fragmented childhood cancer research into a living discovery terminal.
Ranked Discovery Journal Articles
A grade PMID 42690647
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All ranked pediatric cancer papers
This retrospective analysis of 167 neonates and infants with Down syndrome-associated transient abnormal myelopoiesis found that exchange transfusion and systemic corticosteroids produced short-term hematologic effects without documented directly attributable serious adverse events, but did not significantly improve overall early mortality or long-term outcomes.
The evidence supports feasibility and transient reductions in white blood cell counts, with exchange transfusion also reducing liver enzymes; it remains an inference that these interventions could function as bridging therapy for selected patients with severe hyperleukocytosis who cannot initially receive low-dose cytarabine, because the mortality signal arose from a limited observational subgroup.
The study reports that CD155 supports both immune evasion and cell-autonomous growth in diffuse midline glioma, while CD155 or FOXM1 suppression and thiostrepton treatment produce antitumor effects in preclinical models.
The supplied evidence shows that CD155 silencing enhances CD8+ T-cell-mediated killing, induces tumor-cell apoptosis, and restricts DMG growth in mice, with FOXM1 implicated downstream; it therefore supports—but does not clinically establish—the hypothesis that targeting the CD155–FOXM1 axis could combine immune sensitization with direct tumor control in DMG.
This retrospective multinational multicentre study of 86 prophylaxis courses in children with newly diagnosed AML reports the tolerability, toxicity, and exploratory breakthrough fungal infection rate associated with extended-dosing liposomal amphotericin B.
The study provides observational evidence that extended-dosing liposomal amphotericin B can deliver mould-active prophylaxis with a 3% observed breakthrough proven or probable invasive fungal disease rate, but it is only an inference—not established comparative evidence—that this regimen could be a useful alternative when triazoles are contraindicated or daily echinocandin administration is impractical.
This prospective COG study reports that female adolescents and young adults with lymphoma had lower AMH than healthy peers at diagnosis and one year after treatment, with low baseline AMH and greater alkylator exposure independently predicting diminished ovarian reserve.
The evidence supports using baseline AMH and alkylator exposure as risk-stratification factors for post-treatment diminished ovarian reserve; it is reasonable, but not tested here, to hypothesize that this information could guide earlier fertility-preservation counseling or selection of less gonadotoxic treatment when oncologically appropriate.
In a retrospective cohort of 103 children with severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, adding ambroxol to montelukast plus azithromycin was associated with higher reported clinical efficacy and improvements in inflammatory, immune, and pulmonary measures, without an observed increase in adverse reactions.
The record provides observational evidence that adjunctive ambroxol may improve recovery in pediatric severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia; it is only an inference that modulation of airway clearance or inflammatory and immune markers causes this benefit, and no pediatric-cancer-specific therapeutic effect is evaluated.
In a cross-sectional CMR study of 109 children with leukemia and 40 age-matched controls, anthracycline exposure—particularly at higher cumulative doses—was associated with altered left atrial function, impaired LA-LV coordination, and elevated left atrioventricular coupling index.
The reported human imaging associations support CMR-derived LA strain and LACI as candidate markers of anthracycline-related cardiac dysfunction; it remains an inference, requiring prospective validation, that these measures could enable earlier cardioprotective intervention or guide chemotherapy monitoring to reduce cardiotoxicity.
In a retrospective cohort of 72 pediatric gonadal germ cell tumors, a targeted-sequencing signature defined by at least two qualifying genomic alterations was associated with worse event-free survival after stage adjustment, but not significantly different overall survival.
Evidence: signature-positive tumors had inferior event-free survival and a stage-adjusted EFS hazard ratio of 2.74. Inference: if independently validated, this genomic signature could complement conventional risk factors for surveillance, trial stratification, or treatment-selection research, but the record does not support treatment escalation or a specific targeted therapy.
The study reports elevated KMT5C/SUV4-20H2 and H4K20me3 in pediatric high-grade astrocytomas and shows that pharmacologic SUV4-20 inhibition with A-196 reduces proliferation and migration and induces apoptosis and DNA-damage-associated stress in pediatric glioma cell lines.
The supplied evidence supports SUV4-20 activity as a preclinical vulnerability in pediatric high-grade astrocytoma cells; it is reasonable but still inferential to hypothesize that selective SUV4-20H2 inhibition could restrain tumor growth or invasion in patients, because in-vivo efficacy, tumor selectivity, pharmacology, and safety were not reported.
Analysis of IROC metadata from 8,898 patients across 83 Children's Oncology Group trials documents the replacement of 3D conformal photon radiotherapy by IMRT/VMAT and increasing proton radiotherapy use from 1998–2025, with greater than 90% protocol compliance across modalities.
The record demonstrates adoption and feasibility of more conformal radiotherapy modalities; it is reasonable but unproven from these descriptive data to hypothesize that improved targeting with IMRT/VMAT or proton therapy could reduce late toxicity while preserving tumor control in selected pediatric cancers.
Using public RNA-sequencing data, the study developed and dataset-validated an eight-gene RNA-methylation-related signature associated with survival, immune-cell features, tumor purity, and predicted immunotherapy response in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia.
The reported evidence supports prognostic associations and correlations with the immune microenvironment; it only raises the untested hypothesis that RNA-methylation genes or the resulting risk score could guide immunotherapy selection or reveal therapeutic targets in pediatric AML.
In a cluster-nonrandomized controlled study of 59 adolescents with osteosarcoma, a nurse-navigated game-based program added to usual care improved questionnaire-measured transition readiness, patient activation, and cancer worry through 12 weeks, but did not significantly improve transition expectation.
The reported findings support the possibility that a nurse-navigated, game-based intervention can improve short-term transition-related and psychosocial outcomes; it may do so by strengthening engagement and self-management, but this mechanism is inferential and was not directly tested in the supplied record.
This single-center retrospective study reports that, among six pediatric liver transplant recipients with PTLD in complete remission who underwent complete immunosuppression withdrawal, four maintained stable graft function and two had reversible rejection-related complications, with no graft loss or PTLD recurrence during the reported follow-up.
The observed outcomes provide preliminary evidence that supervised complete immunosuppression withdrawal can be feasible after PTLD remission in carefully selected pediatric liver transplant recipients; it may reduce ongoing immunosuppression exposure or PTLD-promoting pressure, but this benefit is inferential and must be weighed against the observed rejection risk.