Neurocompute scores pediatric oncology literature, surfaces overlooked therapeutic signals, and turns fragmented childhood cancer research into a living discovery terminal.
A grade PMID 42321916
View analysis →A grade PMID 42690647
View analysis →A grade PMID 42372741
View analysis →A grade PMID 42216567
View analysis →A grade PMID 41916649
View analysis →A grade PMID 42382416
View analysis →A grade PMID 42150584
View analysis →B grade PMID 42748428
View analysis →A grade PMID 41756844
View analysis →A grade PMID 42765973
View analysis →A grade PMID 42362103
View analysis →A grade PMID 42101908
View analysis →This case reports multifocal bilateral knee osteonecrosis in a 17-year-old with leukemia and prolonged corticosteroid exposure, with MRI-defined femoral and tibial lesions showing discordant uptake on bone scan SPECT/CT.
The reported imaging discordance supports the possibility that SPECT/CT can distinguish differing levels or stages of lesion activity; it remains an unvalidated inference that such mapping could guide surveillance or interventions to reduce progression or joint collapse.
In a retrospective cohort of 2,030 women living with HIV in Moshi, Tanzania, 33.2% received follow-up cervical screening, with adherence associated with facility type, initial abnormal results, age, and parity.
The evidence identifies gaps and predictors in follow-up screening rather than testing a therapy; as an inference, targeted recall systems and outreach-focused interventions could improve timely detection of cervical precancer, but their effectiveness and impact on cancer outcomes remain untested here.
In a retrospective cohort of 70 girls with central precocious puberty, 43 underwent cranial MRI, with abnormalities reported in 17 girls and higher BMI z-score independently associated with abnormal imaging findings.
Evidence: the study identifies a clinical association between higher BMI z-score and abnormal cranial MRI findings in girls with central precocious puberty. Inference: if externally validated, this association might contribute to MRI risk stratification and earlier management of relevant intracranial lesions, but the record provides no evidence that BMI-guided imaging or detected abnormalities improve treatment outcomes.
This human observational study reports setting- and age-associated differences in high-risk and potential high-risk cervical HPV genotype prevalence among adult women tested in Ghana and a much smaller Kenyan screening cohort, with HPV-39, HPV-53, HPV-68, and HPV-51 prominent in several groups.
Evidence: the study identifies locally prevalent HPV genotypes across screening and clinical settings but does not test prevention or treatment. Inference: these distribution data could help refine region-specific screening, diagnostic coverage, surveillance, and future vaccine-prevention research, particularly for genotypes that may receive less attention than HPV-16 and HPV-18.
This case report describes a 5-year-old girl with multiply relapsed B-ALL whose initially occult unilateral ocular relapse was ultimately confirmed by anterior-chamber cytology and treated palliatively with orbital radiotherapy, followed two months later by contralateral ocular involvement.
The reported evidence shows that ocular leukemic relapse can occur despite a negative systemic work-up and may initially evade aqueous sampling; it is an inference, not demonstrated by this case, that improved ocular surveillance or more sensitive local diagnostics could enable earlier local treatment or inform systemic relapse management.
In a retrospective cohort of 74 children with histopathologically confirmed pilomatrixoma, preoperative clinical and radiologic diagnostic accuracy was very low, while complete surgical excision was associated with few reported complications and a low observed local recurrence rate.
The study provides evidence that complete excision was followed by low observed recurrence and complication rates in this cohort; it supports, but does not comparatively establish, the hypothesis that improved preoperative recognition plus aesthetically planned excision and follow-up could reduce diagnostic delays, morbidity, or missed metachronous lesions.
In 30 neuroblastoma cases, a whole-slide-image deep learning model reportedly classified four risk/MYCN groups with 98% accuracy and MYCN amplification status with 99% accuracy, including 96% discrimination within high-risk cases.
The evidence supports a preliminary diagnostic-assistance signal rather than a treatment effect; if independently validated, histology-based AI prediction of risk group and MYCN status could inform treatment selection when molecular testing is delayed or unavailable.
This case report describes a 12-year-old girl with primary hyperparathyroidism from a parathyroid adenoma presenting as genu valgum and multifocal brown tumors, with biochemical normalization and substantial clinical and radiological improvement after radiofrequency ablation.
The reported case provides evidence that treating the identified parathyroid lesion can reverse biochemical abnormalities and may improve PHPT-associated skeletal disease; it is reasonable but unproven to infer that early endocrine testing and targeted treatment could prevent unnecessary orthopedic or oncologic procedures in similar children.
This pilot case-control study reports higher flow-cytometric RECAF expression in children with newly diagnosed ALL or AML than in non-malignant controls and proposes a positivity cutoff of at least 13.31%.
Evidence: RECAF expression distinguished acute leukemia samples from controls in this cohort. Inference requiring prospective validation: adding RECAF to flow-cytometry panels might improve blast identification or measurable residual disease monitoring and could eventually support treatment-response assessment, but no therapeutic intervention or MRD performance was tested.
In pediatric asthma cohorts, obesity status modified the association of circulating biomarkers with sustained treatment escalation, with TGF-β1 predictive in obese asthma and CXCL8 predictive in normal-weight asthma, including external validation.
Evidence: TGF-β1 and CXCL8 may improve obesity-stratified prediction of asthma treatment escalation beyond the baseline model; inference: if prospectively validated, these biomarkers could support asthma monitoring or treatment-selection decisions, but the record provides no evidence for a pediatric-oncology application or biomarker-guided therapeutic benefit.
This prospective pilot study used full-length 16S rRNA sequencing to describe substantial inter-individual diversity, dominant taxa, inferred microbial networks, and predicted functions in supragingival plaque from 10 pediatric patients with malignancies before chemotherapy.
The study provides evidence only for heterogeneous baseline oral bacterial profiles; it supports the inference that longitudinal profiling might eventually identify dysbiosis-associated biomarkers or inform personalized oral supportive-care interventions during chemotherapy, but no intervention, treatment response, toxicity association, or clinical benefit was tested.
This report describes a 4-year-old with persistent pneumonia-like symptoms who was diagnosed with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after evaluation revealed circulating blasts, an anterior mediastinal mass causing bronchial compression and atelectasis, and a pericardial effusion with early tamponade physiology.
The case provides evidence that prompt recognition of pneumonia-like presentations accompanied by mediastinal widening, lymphadenopathy, blasts or cytopenias, elevated lactate dehydrogenase, or antibiotic nonresponse can expedite diagnosis and stabilization of T-ALL; it is reasonable but unproven from this single report to infer that a structured escalation pathway could reduce diagnostic delay or cardiopulmonary complications.
